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Revit Architecture for Designers 3rd Edition. Mastering Autodesk Revit Mastering Autodesk Revit 1st Edition. Autodesk Revit Architecture Basics.
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About the author Follow authors to get new release updates, plus improved recommendations. Ascent - Center for Technical Knowledge. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Read more Read less. Hold as you press the wheel or middle button and drag the cursor. Modify the view to display the building from other directions. Note All types of views can be renamed. Page 24 of 38 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals When changes to the default 3D view are saved and you start another default 3D view, it displays the Southeast isometric view once again.
If you modified the default 3D view but did not save it to a new name, the Default 3D View command opens the view in the last orientation you specified. Switch to a Floor Plan view. Place the camera on the view. Point the camera in the direction in which you want it to shoot by placing the target on the view, as shown in Figure Figure A new view is displayed, as shown in Figure If the view becomes distorted, reset the target so that it is centered in the boundary of the view called the crop region.
You can further modify a view by adding shadows. In the View Control Bar, toggle On. Shadows display in any model view, not just in the 3D views. The Visual Style options found in the View Control Bar as shown in Figure , specify the shading of the building model.
These options apply to plan, elevation, section, and 3D views. Wireframe displays the lines and edges that make up elements, but hides the surfaces. This can be useful when you are dealing with complex intersections. Hidden Line displays the lines, edges, and surfaces of the elements, but it does not display any colors.
This is the most common visual style to use while working on a design. Shaded and Consistent Colors give you a sense of the materials, including transparent glass. An example that uses Consistent Colors is shown in Figure It takes a lot of computer power to execute this visual style. Therefore, it is better to use the other visual styles most of the time as you are working.
Ray Trace is useful if you have created a 3D view that you want to render. It gradually moves from draft resolution to photorealistic. You can stop the process at any time. Hint: Rendering Rendering is a powerful tool which enables you to display a photorealistic view of the model you are working on, such as the example shown in Figure This can be used to help clients and designers to understand a building's design in better detail.
In the View Control Bar, click in 3D views. Show Rendering Dialog to set up the options. Manipulate 2D and 3D views by zooming and panning. Create 3D Isometric and Perspective views. Set the Visual Style of a view. Note Estimated time for completion: 15 minutes In this practice you will open a project file and view each of the various areas in the interface. You will investigate elements, commands, and their options.
You will also open views through the Project Browser and view the model in 3D, as shown in Figure Figure This is a version of the main project you will work on throughout the student guide.
Task 1: Explore the interface 1. In the File tab, expand Open and click Project. In the Open dialog box, navigate to the practice files folder and select Syracuse-Suites-M.
Click Open. The 3D view of the building opens in the view window. Page 28 of 38 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals 4. It opens a plan with the Visual Style set to Wireframe so that the footings and foundation walls display, although there is a slab over them.
The lines that are hidden in the view display as dashed, as shown in Figure Note If the Project Browser and Properties palette are docked over each other, use the Project Browser tab at the bottom to display it. Figure 6. The strip footings and spread footings display as continuous lines because they are not obscured by a slab, as shown in Figure Figure 7.
Zoom in on one corner of the building. The foundation walls are in-filled with the appropriate concrete hatch, as shown in Figure Double-click the mouse wheel or type ZE to zoom to the extents of the view. ZA zooms to the extents of all of the opened view windows. Find the section marker that extends vertically along the model as shown in Figure Figure 9.
You can navigate through your model by double-clicking on the element in the Project Browser, or by using the graphical view elements in the model. In the section view, zoom in on the area in which the callout has been placed as shown in Figure Figure This is a full 3D floor element.
You can edit it using the tools shown in the Modify Floors contextual tab, as shown in Figure The Properties palette displays the Instance Parameters for the element, as shown in Figure Note Any changes made here are applied to the selected element only. In Properties, click Edit Type to access the Type Parameters in the Type Properties dialog box, as shown in Figure 1- Note Any changes made here to the element are applied to all its other instances in the project.
Click Cancel to close the Type Properties dialog box. Press or click in empty space to clear the selection. Select one of the bolted connections.
This is a detail component 2D element. The Modify Detail Items contextual tab displays the modifying options specific to this element as shown in Figure Press to clear the selection. Task 2: Work with Multiple views and 3D views 1.
The growing list of opened windows displays as shown in Figure This can quickly become a management issue once the model size increases. Figure 3. Type WT to tile the windows. Type ZA to zoom extents in both windows, as shown in Figure This view configuration is useful when placing elements in a model. Click inside the 3D view window. Press and hold and then press and hold the wheel on the mouse. You can also navigate in 3D using the ViewCube in the upper right corner of the view. In the upper right corner of the view, click Expand the Application Menu and click Close to close the 3D view.
This also works when many views are open. Close to exit the project. Do not save changes. Chapter Review Questions 1. When you create a project in the Autodesk Revit software, do you work in 3D as shown on the left in Figure or 2D as shown on the right in Figure ?
You work in 2D in plan views and in 3D in non-plan views. You work in 3D almost all of the time, even when you are using what looks like a flat view. You work in 2D in plan and section views and in 3D in isometric views. What is the purpose of the Project Browser? It enables you to browse through the building project, similar to a walk through.
It is the interface for managing all of the files that are required to create the complete architectural model of the building. It manages multiple Autodesk Revit projects as an alternative to using Windows Explorer. It is used to access and manage the views of the project. Which part s of the interface changes according to the command you are using?
Select all that apply. Ribbon b. View Control Bar c. Options Bar d. Properties Palette 4. The difference between Type Properties and Properties the ribbon location is shown in Figure is… a. Properties stores parameters that apply to the selected individual element s.
Type Properties stores parameters that impact every element of the same type in the project. Properties stores the location parameters of an element. Type Properties stores the size and identity parameters of an element. Properties only stores parameters of the view. Type Properties stores parameters of model components. When you start a new project, how do you specify the base information in the new file?
Transfer the base information from an existing project. Select the right template for the task. The Autodesk Revit software automatically extracts the base information from imported or linked file s. What is the main difference between a view made using Default 3D View and a view made using Camera? Use Default 3D View for exterior views and Camera for interiors. Default 3D View creates a static image and a Camera view is live and always updated. Default 3D View is isometric and a Camera view is perspective.
Default 3D View is used for the overall building and a Camera view is used for looking in tight spaces. Using these tools with drawing aids helps you to place and modify elements to create accurate building models.
Learning Objectives in this Chapter Sketch linear elements such as walls, beams, and pipes. Ease the placement of elements by incorporating drawing aids, such as alignment lines, temporary dimensions, permanent dimensions, and snaps. Place Reference Planes as temporary guide lines. Use techniques to select and filter groups of elements. Modify elements using a contextual tab, Properties, temporary dimensions, and controls.
Move, copy, rotate, and mirror elements and create array copies in linear and radial patterns. Align, trim, and extend elements with the edges of other elements. Split linear elements anywhere along their length. Offset elements to create duplicates a specific distance away from the original.
As you are working, several features called drawing aids display, as shown in Figure They help you to create designs quickly and accurately. These tools work with both 3D and 2D elements in the software. Page 2 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure Draw Tools Many linear elements such as walls, beams, ducts, pipes, and conduits are modeled using the tools on the contextual tab on the Draw panel, as shown for walls in Figure Other elements such as floors, ceilings, roofs, and slabs have boundaries that are sketched using many of the same tools.
Draw tools are also used when you create details or schematic drawings. Two methods are available: Draw the element using a geometric form Pick an existing element such as a line, face, or wall as the basis for the new element's geometry and position.
Note The exact tools vary according to the element being modeled. How To: Create Linear Elements 1. Start the command you want to use. Select points to define the elements. Note You can change from one Draw tool shape to another in the middle of a command.
Finish the command using one of the standard methods: Click Modify. Press twice. Note Different options display according to the type of element that is selected or the command that is active. Chain: Controls how many segments are created in one process. If this option is not selected, the Line and Arc tools only create one segment at a time. If it is selected, you can continue adding segments until you press or select the command again.
Offset: Enables you to enter values so you can create linear elements at a specified distance from the selected points or element. Radius: Enables you to enter values when using a radial tool or to add a radius to the corners of linear elements as you sketch them. Figure Draw Tools Line Draws a straight line defined by the first and last points. If Chain is enabled, you can continue selecting end points for multiple segments. Rectangle Draws a rectangle defined by two opposing corner points.
You can adjust the dimensions after selecting both points. Inscribed Polygon Draws a polygon inscribed in a hypothetical circle with the number of sides specified in the Options Bar. Circumscribed Draws a polygon circumscribed around a hypothetical circle with the number of sides specified in the Options Bar. Polygon Circle Draws a circle defined by a center point and radius. Start-EndRadius Arc Draws a curve defined by a start, end, and radius of the arc. The outside dimension shown is the included angle of the arc.
The inside dimension is the radius. Center-ends Arc Draws a curve defined by a center, radius, and included angle. The selected point of the radius also defines the start point of the arc. Tangent End Arc Draws a curve tangent to another element.
Select an end point for the first point, but do not select the intersection of two or more elements. Then select a second point based on the included angle of the arc. Fillet Arc Draws a curve defined by two other elements and a radius. Because it is difficult to select the correct radius by clicking, this command automatically moves to edit mode.
Select the dimension and then modify the radius of the fillet. Spline Draws a spline curve based on selected points. The curve does not actually touch the points Model and Detail Lines only. Ellipse Draws an ellipse from a primary and secondary axis Model and Detail Lines only. Partial Ellipse Draws only one side of the ellipse, l ke an arc.
A partial ellipse also has a primary and secondary axis Model and Detail Lines only. Pick Lines Use this option to select existing linear elements in the project. This is useful when you start the project from an imported 2D drawing. Pick Face Use this option to select the face of a 3D massing element walls and 3D views only.
Pick Walls Use this option to select an existing wall in the project to be the basis for a new sketch line floors, ceilings, etc. Drawing Aids Page 4 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals As soon as you start sketching or placing elements, three drawing aids display, as shown in Figure Alignment lines Temporary dimensions Snaps These aids are available with most modeling and many modification commands.
Figure Alignment lines display as soon as you select your first point. They help keep lines horizontal, vertical, or at a specified angle. They also line up with the implied intersections of walls and other elements. Hold to force the alignments to be orthogonal 90 degree angles only. Temporary dimensions display to help place elements at the correct length, angle and location.
You can type in the dimension and then move the cursor until you see the dimension you want, or you can place the element and then modify the dimension as required. The length and angle increments shown vary depending on how far in or out the view is zoomed.
Hint: Temporary Dimensions and Permanent Dimensions Temporary dimensions disappear as soon as you finish adding elements. If you want to make them permanent, select the control shown in Figure Figure Snaps are key points that help you reference existing elements to exact points when modeling, as shown in Figure Figure When you move the cursor over an element, the snap symbol displays.
Each snap location type displays with a different symbol. The Snaps dialog box enables you to set which snap points are active, and set the dimension increments displayed for temporary dimensions both linear and angular. Keyboard shortcuts for each snap can be used to override the automatic snapping.
Temporary overrides only affect a single pick, but can be very helpful when there are snaps nearby other than the one you want to use. Figure Using Dimensions as Drawing Aids Dimensions are a critical part of construction documents that can also help you create the elements in your model.
There are a Page 6 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals variety of dimension types, but the most useful is Aligned Dimension with the Individual References option.
Select the elements in order. To position the dimension string, click a point at the location where you want it to display, ensuring that the string is not overlapping anything else, as shown in Figure Hint: Setting Dimensions Equal Using dimensions while you are modeling enables you to set a string of dimensions so that they are equal. Doing this updates the model elements, such as the location of windows in a wall, as shown in Figure Figure Figure Reference Planes As you develop designs in the Autodesk Revit software, there are times when you need lines to help you define certain locations.
You can sketch reference planes displayed as dashed green lines and snap to them whenever you need to line up elements. For the example shown in Figure , the lighting fixtures in the reflected ceiling plan are placed using reference planes.
Figure Reference planes display in associated views because they are infinite planes, and not just lines. You can name Reference planes by clicking on and typing in the text box, as shown in Figure Figure If you sketch a reference pane in Sketch Mode used with floors and similar elements , it does not display once the sketch is finished.
Reference planes can have different line styles if they have been defined in the project. In Properties, select a style from the Subcategory list. The Autodesk Revit software was designed to make such changes quickly and efficiently. You can change an element using the following methods, as shown in Figure Type Selector enables you to specify a different type. Properties enables you to modify the information parameters associated with the selected elements.
The contextual tab in the ribbon contains the Modify commands and element-specific tools. Temporary dimensions enable you to change the element's dimensions or position.
Controls enable you to drag, flip, lock, and rotate the element. Shape handles not shown enable you to drag elements to modify their height or length. Page 8 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure To delete an element, select it and press , right-click and select Delete, or in the Modify panel, click Delete.
Working with Controls and Shape Handles When you select an element, various controls and shape handles display depending on the element and view. For example, in plan view you can use controls to drag the ends of a wall and change its orientation. You can also drag the wall ends in a 3D view, and you can also use the arrow shape handles to change the height of the wall, as shown in Figure If you hover the cursor over the control or shape handle, a tool tip displays showing its function.
Hint: Editing Temporary Dimensions Temporary dimensions automatically link to the closest wall. To change this, drag the Witness Line control as shown in Figure to connect to a new reference.
You can also click on the control to toggle between justifications in the wall. The new location of a temporary dimension for an element is remembered as long as you are in the same session of the software. Page 9 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure Page 10 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure Selecting Multiple Elements Once you have selected at least one element, hold and select another item to add it to a selection set. To remove an element from a selection set, hold and select the element.
If you click and drag the cursor to window around elements, you have two selection options, as shown in Figure If you drag from left to right, you only select the elements completely inside the window. If you drag from right to left, you select elements both inside and crossing the window. Page 11 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure If several elements are on or near each other, press to cycle through them before you click.
If there are elements that might be linked to each other, such as walls that are connected, pressing selects the chain of elements. You can also right-click in the view window with nothing selected and select Select Previous.
Figure Hint: Measuring Tools When modifying a model, it is useful to know the distance between elements. Measure Between Two References - Select two elements and the measurement displays. Measure Along An Element - Select the edge of a linear element and the total length displays. Use to select other elements and then click to measure along all of them, as shown in Figure Page 12 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure Figure References include any snap point, wall lines, or other parts of elements such as door center lines.
Filtering Selection Sets When multiple element categories are selected, the Multi-Select contextual tab opens in the ribbon. This gives you access to all of the Modify tools, and the Filter command. The Filter command enables you to specify the types of elements to select.
For example, you might only want to select columns, as shown in Figure Select everything in the required area. The Filter dialog box opens, as Note The Filter dialog box displays all types of elements in the original selection.
Click Check None to clear all of the options or Check All to select all of the options. You can also select or clear individual categories as required. Click OK. The selection set is now limited to the elements you specified. The number of elements selected displays on the right end of the status bar and in the Properties palette. Clicking Filter in the Status Bar also opens the Filter dialog box. Hint: Selection Options You can control how the software selects specific elements in a project by toggling Selection Options on and off on the Status Bar, as shown in Figure Alternatively, in any tab on the ribbon, expand the Select panel's title and select the option.
When it is toggled off you cannot select them when using Modify or Move. Select underlay elements: When toggled on, you can select underlay elements. When toggled off, you cannot select them when using Modify or Move. Select pinned elements: When toggled on, you can selected pinned elements. Select elements by face: When toggled on you can select elements such as the floors or walls in an elevation by selecting the interior face or selecting an edge.
When toggled off, you can only select elements by selecting an edge. Drag elements on selection: When toggled on, you can hover over an element, select it, and drag it to a new location.
When toggled off, the Crossing or Box select mode starts when you press and drag, even if you are on top of an element. Once elements have been selected they can still be dragged to a new location. Note Estimated time for completion: 10 minutes In this practice you will use a variety of ways to select elements, use the Filter dialog box to only select one type of element, select only elements of one type in the view, and use the Type Selector to change the type.
You will then modify element locations using temporary dimensions as shown in Figure Figure Task 1: Select elements 1. Open the project Practice-Model-Select-M. Select a point just outside the upper left corner of the building. Hold the mouse button and drag a window toward the lower right corner, as shown in Figure Select a second point. All of the elements inside the window are selected and those outside the window are not selected.
Select two points from just outside the upper right corner of the building to the lower left corner, as shown in Figure All of the elements inside and touching the window are selected. In the Status Bar, click Filter. In the Filter dialog box shown in Figure , review the selected element categories. Note The numbers here and in the next steps might be slightly different depending on your selection set. Figure 8. Click Check None. Select only the Structural Columns category and click OK.
The total number of Structural Columns in the selection set displays in the Status Bar as shown in Figure In Properties, the display indicates that multiple Families are selected. Click in empty space to clear the selection. Zoom in on the lower left corner of the building and select one Structural Column as shown in Figure In the Type Selector, the column name and type are displayed as shown in Figure The total number of this type of column displays in the Status Bar by Filter and in Properties.
The view regenerates and the selected columns are updated to the new type. Press to release the selection set. Task 2: Using temporary dimensions 1. Zoom out to see the entire building. Select Grid C. If the temporary dimensions are not displayed, in the Options Bar, click Activate Dimensions.
The temporary dimensions are automatically connected to the closest structural elements. Use the Move Witness Line controls on the temporary dimensions and move them to the nearest grid lines as shown in Figure Click Make this temporary dimension line permanent. Page 19 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals 7.
Click in empty space to release the selection. The new dimensions are now part of the view. Select Grid C again. Click Activate Dimensions, if required. Select the lower dimension text and change it to mm as shown in Figure The model regenerates and the percentage of completion is displayed in the Status Bar as shown in Figure This change is being made to the grid and throughout the model, wherever elements touch the grid.
Save and close the project. Additional modifying tools can be used with individual elements or any selection of elements. Other tools are covered later. For most modify commands, you can either select the elements and start the command, or start the command, select the elements, and press to finish the selection and move to the next step in the command. Page 20 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Figure Moving and Copying Elements The Move and Copy commands enable you to select the element s and move or copy them from one place to another.
You can use alignment lines, temporary dimensions, and snaps to help place the elements, as shown in Figure Hint: Nudge Nudge enables you to move an element in short increments. When an element is selected, you can press one of the four arrow keys to move the element in that direction.
The distance the element moves depends on how far in or out you are zoomed. Select the elements you want to move or copy. In the Modify panel, click Move or Copy. A boundary box displays around the selected elements. Select a move start point on or near the element. Use alignment lines and temporary dimensions to help place the elements.
When you are finished, you can start another modify command using the elements that remain selected, or switch back to Modify to end the command. If you start the Move command and hold , the elements are copied. Constrain Restricts the movement of the cursor to horizontal or vertical, or along the axis of an item that is at an angle. This keeps you from selecting a point at an angle by mistake.
Constrain is off by default. Disjoin Breaks any connections between the elements being moved and other elements. If Disjoin is on, the elements move separately. If it is Move only off, the connected elements also move or stretch. Disjoin is off by default.
Multiple Enables you to make multiple copies of one selection. Multiple is off by default. Page 21 of 46 Autodesk Revit Structure Fundamentals Copy only These commands only work in the current view, not between views or projects.
Hint: Pinning Elements If you do not want elements to be moved, you can pin them in place, as shown in Figure Select the elements and in the Modify tab, in the Modify panel, click Pin. Pinned elements can be copied, but not moved.
If you try to delete a pinned element, a warning dialog displays reminding you that you must unpin the element before the command can be started. Rotating Elements The Rotate command enables you to rotate selected elements around a center point or origin. You can use alignment lines, temporary dimensions, and snaps to help specify the center of rotation and the angle. You can also create copies of the element as it is being rotated. How To: Rotate Elements 1. Select the element s you want to rotate.
In the Modify panel, click Rotate or type the shortcut RO. The center of rotation is automatically set to the center of the element or group of elements, as shown on the top in Figure To change the center of rotation as shown on the bottom in Figure , use the following: Drag the Center of Rotation control to a new point.
In the Options Bar, next to Center of rotation, click Place and use snaps to move it to a new location.
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Autodesk revit 2018 architecture fundamentals - imperial (1st edition) free. Follow the Author
An ebook short for electronic book , also known as an e-book or eBook , is a book publication made available in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. E-books can be read on dedicated e-reader devices, but also on any computer device that features a controllable viewing screen, including desktop computers , laptops , tablets and smartphones. In the s, there was a trend of print and e-book sales moving to the Internet , [ citation needed ] where readers buy traditional paper books and e-books on websites using e-commerce systems.
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Focused on portability, Open eBook as defined required subsets of XHTML and CSS ; a set of multimedia formats others could be used, but there must also be a fallback in one of the required formats , and an XML schema for a "manifest", to list the components of a given e-book, identify a table of contents, cover art, and so on.
Google Books has converted many public domain works to this open format. In , e-books continued to gain in their own specialist and underground markets. Unofficial and occasionally unauthorized catalogs of books became available on the web, and sites devoted to e-books began disseminating information about e-books to the public. Consumer e-book publishing market are controlled by the "Big Five".
In , libraries began offering free downloadable popular fiction and non-fiction e-books to the public, launching an e-book lending model that worked much more successfully for public libraries. The U.
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This survey found significant barriers to conducting interlibrary loan for e-books. Mellon Foundation. Although the demand for e-book services in libraries has grown in the first two decades of the 21st century, difficulties keep libraries from providing some e-books to clients. When a library purchases an e-book license, the cost is at least three times what it would be for a personal consumer.
However, some studies have found the opposite effect to be true for example, Hilton and Wikey The Internet Archive and Open Library offer more than six million fully accessible public domain e-books. Project Gutenberg has over 52, freely available public domain e-books. An e-reader , also called an e-book reader or e-book device , is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading e-books and digital periodicals.
An e-reader is similar in form, but more limited in purpose than a tablet. In comparison to tablets, many e-readers are better than tablets for reading because they are more portable, have better readability in sunlight and have longer battery life. Until late , use of an e-reader was not allowed on airplanes during takeoff and landing by the FAA. Some of the major book retailers and multiple third-party developers offer free and in some third-party cases, premium paid e-reader software applications apps for the Mac and PC computers as well as for Android, Blackberry, iPad, iPhone, Windows Phone and Palm OS devices to allow the reading of e-books and other documents independently of dedicated e-book devices.
Writers and publishers have many formats to choose from when publishing e-books. Each format has advantages and disadvantages. The most popular e-readers [] and their natively supported formats are shown below:. Most e-book publishers do not warn their customers about the possible implications of the digital rights management tied to their products. Generally, they claim that digital rights management is meant to prevent illegal copying of the e-book. However, in many cases, it is also possible that digital rights management will result in the complete denial of access by the purchaser to the e-book.
The first major publisher to omit DRM was Tor Books , one of the largest publishers of science fiction and fantasy, in Some e-books are produced simultaneously with the production of a printed format, as described in electronic publishing , though in many instances they may not be put on sale until later. Often, e-books are produced from pre-existing hard-copy books, generally by document scanning , sometimes with the use of robotic book scanners , having the technology to quickly scan books without damaging the original print edition.
Scanning a book produces a set of image files, which may additionally be converted into text format by an OCR program. Sometimes only the electronic version of a book is produced by the publisher. It is also possible to convert an electronic book to a printed book by print on demand. However, these are exceptions as tradition dictates that a book be launched in the print format and later if the author wishes an electronic version is produced. The New York Times keeps a list of best-selling e-books, for both fiction [] and non-fiction.
All of the e-readers and reading apps are capable of tracking e-book reading data, and the data could contain which e-books users open, how long the users spend reading each e-book and how much of each e-book is finished.
Some of the results were that only In the space that a comparably sized physical book takes up, an e-reader can contain thousands of e-books, limited only by its memory capacity. Depending on the device, an e-book may be readable in low light or even total darkness. Many e-readers have a built-in light source, can enlarge or change fonts, use text-to-speech software to read the text aloud for visually impaired, elderly or dyslexic people or just for convenience.
Printed books use three times more raw materials and 78 times more water to produce when compared to e-books. Depending on possible digital rights management , e-books unlike physical books can be backed up and recovered in the case of loss or damage to the device on which they are stored, a new copy can be downloaded without incurring an additional cost from the distributor. Readers can synchronize their reading location, highlights and bookmarks across several devices.
There may be a lack of privacy for the user's e-book reading activities; for example, Amazon knows the user's identity, what the user is reading, whether the user has finished the book, what page the user is on, how long the user has spent on each page, and which passages the user may have highlighted.
Joe Queenan has written about the pros and cons of e-books:. Electronic books are ideal for people who value the information contained in them, or who have vision problems, or who like to read on the subway, or who do not want other people to see how they are amusing themselves, or who have storage and clutter issues, but they are useless for people who are engaged in an intense, lifelong love affair with books.
Books that we can touch; books that we can smell; books that we can depend on. Apart from all the emotional and habitual aspects, there are also some readability and usability issues that need to be addressed by publishers and software developers. Many e-book readers who complain about eyestrain, lack of overview and distractions could be helped if they could use a more suitable device or a more user-friendly reading application, but when they buy or borrow a DRM-protected e-book, they often have to read the book on the default device or application, even if it has insufficient functionality.
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